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Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated municipality (central area), with over 2.7 million residents in 1,300 km2. While the population of the urban area was estimated by Eurostat to have been 3.5 million in 2004, the metropolitan area of Rome was estimated by OECD to have had a population of 3.7 million no later than 2006. The city of Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber river within the Lazio region of Italy. Rome's history spans over two and a half thousand years. It was the capital city of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, which was a major political and cultural influence in the lands bordering the Mediterranean. During the Middle-Ages, Rome was home to popes such as Alexander VI and Leo X, who transformed the city into one of the major centres of the Italian Renaissance, along with Florence. The current-day version of St Peter's Basilica was built and the Sistine Chapel was painted by Michelangelo. Famous artists and architects, such as Bramante, Bernini and Raphael resided for some time in Rome, contributing to its Renaissance and Baroque architecture. | |
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